Glossary

Context refers to the circumstances and conditions that shape an ethical dilemma. It includes the broader environment in which the decision is made, such as political, social, cultural, economic, environmental, and legal factors. These forces create pressures and expectations that influence how organizations and individuals act.

Eudaimonia is about individual happiness; according to Deci and Ryan (2006: 2), it maintains that:

“…wellbeing is not so much an outcome or end state as it is a process of fulfilling or realizing one’s daimon or true nature—that is, of fulfilling one’s virtuous potentials and living as one was inherently intended to live.”

Source: https://positivepsychology.com/eudaimonia/

A false dilemma in ethical decision-making is a situation where only two options are presented as the only possibilities, when in reality, other options or a middle ground exist. This fallacy limits the scope of available choices, potentially leading to a flawed or biased decision. It's also known as a false dichotomy, false binary, or either/or fallacy.

The mirror test in ethical decision-making is a tool to assess the morality of a choice by considering how one would feel looking at oneself in the mirror after making that decision. It essentially asks, "Can I look in the mirror and be proud of my actions?" This test emphasizes self-respect, integrity, and aligning actions with personal values. It helps individuals ensure their choices align with their ethical standards and avoid actions that would cause regret or shame.

Phronesis is a Greek term that translates to practical wisdom, encompassing the ideas of prudence and common sense. Rooted in Ancient Greek philosophy, it is viewed as an intellectual virtue that not only involves knowing the right course of action but also understanding why it is the right choice. This concept was notably developed by Aristotle, who categorized virtues into intellectual and ethical types, placing phronesis as a key element of practical reasoning. He argued that phronesis is acquired through lived experiences and is essential for making sound moral decisions. Aristotle believed that individuals must first develop good habits in childhood and later learn to apply practical wisdom as they mature. The influence of phronesis extends into modern discussions, particularly in business and research, where ethical decision-making is paramount. In this context, phronesis encourages consideration of the processes and implications involved in decision-making, emphasizing the importance of both the means and the outcomes. Overall, phronesis serves as a foundation for good judgment and character, fostering moral and ethical behaviour in various aspects of life. Source: https://www.ebsco.com/research-starters/religion-and-philosophy/phronesis

The publicity test, a component of ethical decision-making, assesses the potential public reaction to your decision. It asks whether you would be comfortable with your choice being widely publicized, prompting reflection on potential consequences and public perception. This test is often paired with other ethical considerations like the defensibility test and the harm test.

SCAMPER is a brainstorming technique used to generate ideas by prompting users to consider modifications to existing concepts or products. The acronym stands for Substitute, Combine, Adapt, Modify, Put to other uses, Eliminate, and Reverse. It encourages exploring different perspectives to spark innovation and problem-solving. For more information, visit: https://bigbangpartnership.co.uk/scamper/