Appendix
Charles Molnar and Jane Gair
Periodic Table of the Elements

Geological Time Clock

Geological Time Chart

Measurements and the Metric System
| Measurement | Unit | Abbreviation | Metric Equivalent | Approximate Standard Equivalent |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Length | nanometer | nm | 1 nm = 10−9 m |
|
| micrometer | µm | 1 µm = 10−6 m | ||
| millimeter | mm | 1 mm = 0.001 m | ||
| centimeter | cm | 1 cm = 0.01 m | ||
| meter | m |
|
||
| kilometer | km | 1 km = 1000 m | ||
| Mass | microgram | µg | 1 µg = 10−6 g |
|
| milligram | mg | 1 mg = 10−3 g | ||
| gram | g | 1 g = 1000 mg | ||
| kilogram | kg | 1 kg = 1000 g | ||
| Volume | microliter | µl | 1 µl = 10−6 l |
|
| milliliter | ml | 1 ml = 10−3 l | ||
| liter | l | 1 l = 1000 ml | ||
| kiloliter | kl | 1 kl = 1000 l | ||
| Area | square centimeter | cm2 | 1 cm2 = 100 mm2 |
|
| square meter | m2 | 1 m2 = 10,000 cm2 | ||
| hectare | ha | 1 ha = 10,000 m2 | ||
| Temperature | Celsius | °C | — | 1 °C = 5/9 × (°F − 32) |